Apart from the uptrend and the downtrend, the market may be following a sideways direction which is also known as trendless, range, or flat market.
A sideways market may be viewed as “a wait-and-see” phase.

Traders wait for important events to occur before they resume their trading activity. For example, the release of high-impact economic news or company announcements?
Another reason for a trendless market is the lack of interest by the traders, and as a result, not only there is no direction, but also the market is characterized by low volume.

Nevertheless, during a range, prices are confined between two boundaries, zones, or lines if you prefer.
The upper line and the lower line.
Remember that to draw a line, a straight line, that is, a minimum of two points, is required.
So, in our example, a minimum of two tops and two bottoms are needed.

As you see, the lower boundary acts as a support to the falling prices, where the upper boundary acts as a resistance to the rising prices.
So, after the prices reach the upper boundary, what do you think will happen next?
Well, they may rebound back to the lower boundary
And when prices reach the support area, what do you expect?
Prices may bounce up to the upper boundary.

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